Cov hom dyes ntawm textiles yog qhov nyuaj rau kev txheeb xyuas nrog lub qhov muag liab qab thiab yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj.Peb txoj hauv kev tam sim no yog kev vam khom rau cov hom dyes muab los ntawm lub Hoobkas lossis tus neeg thov kev soj ntsuam, ntxiv rau cov kev paub dhau los ntawm cov neeg soj ntsuam thiab lawv txoj kev nkag siab ntawm lub Hoobkas tsim khoom.txiav txim.Yog tias peb tsis txheeb xyuas hom dye ua ntej, nws muaj feem ntau tias cov khoom tsis tsim nyog yuav raug txiav txim raws li cov khoom tsim nyog, uas yuav tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo.Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas cov dyes, thiab cov txheej txheem dav dav yog qhov nyuaj, siv sijhawm thiab siv zog ntau.Yog li ntawd, tsab xov xwm no qhia txog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau kev txheeb xyuas hom dyes ntawm cellulose fibers hauv cov ntawv luam tawm thiab dyed.
txoj cai
Txiav txim siab cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev txheeb xyuas yooj yim
Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus dyeing ntawm dyes ntawm textiles, feem ntau siv dye hom rau cov khoom siv textile fabrics yog raws li nram no:
Acrylic fiber-cationic zas xim
Nylon thiab protein fibers-acid dyes
Polyester thiab lwm yam tshuaj fibers-disperse dyes
Cellulosic fibers - ncaj qha, vulcanized, reactive, vat, naftol, coatings thiab phthalocyanine dyes
Rau cov khoom sib xyaw lossis cov khoom sib txuas, cov xim xim yog siv raws li lawv cov khoom.Piv txwv li, rau polyester thiab paj rwb blends, polyester tivthaiv yog ua los ntawm disperse dyes, thaum lub paj rwb tivthaiv yog ua los ntawm cov coj dye hom hais saum toj no, xws li disperse / paj rwb blends.Kev ua si, dispersion / txo cov txheej txheem, thiab lwm yam. Nrog rau cov ntaub thiab cov ris tsho accessories xws li hlua thiab webbing.
Txoj kev
1. Sampling thiab ua ntej
Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev txheeb xyuas hom dye ntawm cellulose fibers yog sampling thiab qauv pretreatment.Thaum noj cov qauv, ib feem ntawm cov xim tib yam yuav tsum tau muab coj los siv.Yog tias cov qauv muaj ob peb lub suab, txhua xim yuav tsum tau coj.Yog xav tau kev txheeb xyuas fiber ntau, hom fiber ntau yuav tsum tau lees paub raws li FZ / TO1057 tus qauv.Yog tias muaj impurities, roj, thiab slurry ntawm cov qauv uas yuav cuam tshuam qhov kev sim, nws yuav tsum tau kho nrog xab npum hauv dej kub ntawm 60-70 ° C rau 15 feeb, ntxuav, thiab qhuav.Yog tias tus qauv paub tias yog resin tiav, siv cov hauv qab no.
1) Kho uric acid resin nrog 1% hydrochloric acid ntawm 70-80 ° C rau 15 feeb, ntxuav thiab qhuav.
2) Rau acrylic resin, tus qauv tuaj yeem rov qab tau ntawm 50-100 zaug rau 2-3 teev, tom qab ntawd ntxuav thiab qhuav.
3) Silicone resin tuaj yeem kho nrog 5g / L xab npum thiab 5g / L sodium carbonate 90cI rau 15 feeb, ntxuav thiab qhuav.
2. Kev txheeb xyuas tus qauv ntawm cov dyes ncaj qha
Boil tus qauv nrog 5 mus rau 10 mL ntawm cov tshuaj aqueous uas muaj 1 mL ntawm concentrated ammonia dej kom tag nrho tshem tawm cov xim.
Tshem tawm cov qauv, muab 10-30mg ntawm paj rwb dawb ntaub thiab 5-50mg ntawm sodium chloride rau hauv cov kua extraction, boil rau 40-80s, tawm rau txias thiab ces ntxuav nrog dej.Yog tias daim ntaub paj rwb dawb yog dyed rau hauv yuav luag tib lub xim zoo li cov qauv, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov xim uas siv los zas cov qauv yog cov xim ncaj qha.
3. Yuav txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau li cas
Muab 100-300mg coj mus kuaj rau hauv 35mL xeem raj, ntxiv 2-3mL dej, 1-2mL 10% sodium carbonate tov thiab 200-400mg sodium sulfide, kub thiab boil rau 1-2 feeb, tshem tawm 25-50mg dawb paj rwb ntaub thiab 10-20mg qauv sodium chloride hauv ib lub raj kuaj.Boil rau 1-2 feeb.Tshem tawm thiab muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv lim kom nws rov oxidize.Yog hais tias lub teeb xim tshwm sim zoo ib yam li cov xim qub thiab tsuas yog txawv ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo, nws tuaj yeem suav tias yog sulfide lossis sulfide vat dye.
4. Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas vat dyes
Muab 100-300mg coj mus kuaj rau hauv 35mL xeem raj, ntxiv 2-3mL dej thiab 0.5-1mL 10% sodium hydroxide tov, cua sov thiab boil, ces ntxiv 10-20mg pov hwm hmoov, boil rau 0.5-1min, tshem tawm cov qauv thiab muab tso rau. nws mus rau hauv 25-10% sodium hydroxide tov.50mg dawb paj rwb ntaub thiab 0-20mg sodium chloride, txuas ntxiv boil rau 40-80s, ces txias rau chav tsev kub.Tshem tawm cov ntaub paj rwb thiab muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv lim rau oxidation.Yog tias cov xim tom qab oxidation zoo ib yam li cov xim qub, nws qhia tias muaj vat dye.
5. Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas Naftol dye
Boil tus qauv hauv 100 npaug ntawm 1% hydrochloric acid tov rau 3 feeb.Tom qab ntxuav tag nrho nrog dej, boil nws nrog 5-10 mL ntawm 1% ammonia dej rau 2 feeb.Yog tias cov xim tsis tuaj yeem muab rho tawm lossis cov nyiaj rho tawm tsawg heev, ces kho nws nrog sodium hydroxide thiab sodium dithionite.Tom qab discoloration los yog discoloration, cov xim qub tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau txawm tias nws yog oxidized nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, thiab lub xub ntiag ntawm hlau tsis tuaj yeem paub tseeb.Lub sijhawm no, 2 qhov kev sim hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua tiav.Yog tias cov xim tuaj yeem muab rho tawm hauv 1) kev sim, thiab hauv 2) hauv kev sim, yog tias daim ntaub paj rwb dawb yog xim daj thiab tawm lub teeb fluorescent, nws tuaj yeem xaus lus tias cov xim siv hauv cov qauv yog Naftol dye.
1) Muab cov qauv tso rau hauv lub raj ntsuas, ntxiv 5mL ntawm pyridine thiab boil nws kom pom seb cov xim puas tau muab rho tawm.
2) Muab cov qauv tso rau hauv lub raj ntsuas, ntxiv 2 mL ntawm 10% sodium hydroxide tov thiab 5 mL ntawm ethanol, ntxiv 5 mL dej thiab sodium dithionite tom qab boiling, thiab boil kom txo tau.Tom qab txias, lim, muab cov ntaub paj rwb dawb thiab 20-30 mg sodium chloride rau hauv cov lim dej, boil rau 1-2 feeb, cia kom txias, tshem tawm cov ntaub paj rwb, thiab saib seb cov ntaub paj rwb fluoresces thaum irradiated nrog ultraviolet lub teeb.
6. Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas cov dyes reactive
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm reactive dyes yog tias lawv muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ruaj khov nrog cov fibers thiab nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej thiab cov kuab tshuaj.Tam sim no, tsis muaj ib txoj hauv kev kuaj pom tseeb.Kev kuaj xim tuaj yeem ua tau ua ntej, siv 1: 1 aqueous tov ntawm dimethylmethylamine thiab 100% dimethylformamide los xim cov qauv.Cov xim tsis muaj xim yog cov xim reactive.Rau cov tsoos tsho accessories xws li paj rwb siv, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg reactive dyes feem ntau yog siv.
7. Yuav txheeb xyuas cov xim li cas
Coatings, tseem hu ua pigments, tsis muaj affinity rau fibers thiab yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv fibers los ntawm ib tug nplaum (feem ntau yog ib tug resin nplaum).Microscopy tuaj yeem siv los kuaj xyuas.Ua ntej tshem tawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab los yog cov khoom ua kom tiav uas yuav muaj nyob rau ntawm cov qauv kom tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog kev txheeb xyuas cov xim.Ntxiv 1 tee ntawm ethyl salicylate rau cov fiber ntau kho saum toj no, npog nws nrog lub hau npog thiab saib nws hauv qab lub tshuab tsom.Yog hais tias lub fiber nto zoo nkaus li granular, nws tuaj yeem raug txheeb xyuas raws li cov xim resin-bonded pigment (xim).
8. Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas phthalocyanine dyes
Thaum cov concentrated nitric acid poob rau ntawm cov qauv, lub ci ntsuab xim yog phthalocyanine.Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov qauv raug hlawv hauv nplaim taws thiab tig ntsuab ntsuab, nws kuj tuaj yeem ua pov thawj tias nws yog phthalocyanine dye.
nyob rau hauv xaus
Txoj kev qhia ceev ceev saum toj no feem ntau yog rau kev txheeb xyuas sai ntawm cov xim xim ntawm cov cellulose fibers.Los ntawm cov txheej txheem txheeb xyuas saum toj no:
Ua ntej, nws tuaj yeem zam qhov qhov muag tsis pom tshwm sim los ntawm tsuas yog tso siab rau hom dye uas tau muab los ntawm tus neeg thov thiab xyuas kom meej qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev txiav txim xyuas;
Qhov thib ob, los ntawm txoj kev yooj yim no ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb, ntau cov txheej txheem kuaj xyuas tsis tsim nyog tuaj yeem raug txo.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-29-2023